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Turmalina is an underground mine that uses the sublevel mining method with rock fill and slurry, as well as some areas of the mine that previously used the mechanized cut and fill mining method. The ore produced at the Turmalina mine is transported to the adjacent Carbon-In-Leach (“CIL”) processing plant. On December 28, 2015, mill no. 3 was successfully recommissioned and is now in operation.
The Turmalina mine deposits are located in the western part of the Iron Quadrangle, which was the main region for hard rock gold mining in Brazil until 1983 and was responsible for approximately 40% of Brazil's total gold production. Gold was produced from numerous deposits, mainly in the northern and southeastern parts of the Iron Quadrangle, mostly hosted by banded iron formations (BIF) from the Archean or early Proterozoic, contained in supracrustal sequences of the greenstone belt.
The Turmalina deposit is located in the Pitangui area, which is supported by rocks from the Archean and Proterozoic eras. The Archean units include a granite basement, overlain by the Pitangui Group, a greenstone belt sequence of ultramafic to intermediate volcanic flows and pyroclastic and associated sediments. The Turmalina deposit is hosted by amphibole-chlorite schist and biotite schist units within the Pitangui Group. Mineralization occurs associated with a shear zone within a banded iron formation and at metachert levels within the stratigraphic sequence.
Tourmaline deposits are believed to be typical examples of epigenetic mesothermal deposits surrounded by host rocks that have undergone metamorphism to the amphibolite grade. Gold mineralization at Tourmaline occurs in fine-grained sulfides associated with sheared shales and BIF sequences. Gold particles are mainly associated with arsenopyrite, quartz and micas (sericite and biotite).
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Faina is a new underground ore body at the Turmalina mine within the MTL Complex. Lateral development reached the Faina ore body at the end of 2023 and first tonnage milled occurred in the second quarter of 2024. Continuing development and first-stope production from the Faina zone are expected in the second half of 2024. The incremental production from Faina will fill existing capacity and increase the throughput of the processing facility at the MTL complex.
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